文献翻译带练34 Autoimmune disease：Ulcerative colitis (UC)&Rheumatoid arthritis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the colon. Factors associated with increased risk of UC include diet, particularly Western diet influences in newly industrialized nations, medications, and lifestyle factors that may influence the host’s microbiome or immune response to antigens. Although much evidence identifying potential genetic and host-related factors is currently available, there are still many unanswered questions. As the global UC incidence and prevalence continues to increase, there are multiple opportunities for continued investigation to clarify our understanding of UC, identify potential predictors of disease severity, response to therapy, and novel therapeutic targets.
参考答案：溃疡性结肠炎是一种复杂的慢性，免疫介导的炎症性结肠病。与溃疡性结肠炎风险增加相关的因素包括饮食，特别是受新兴工业化国家的西方饮食影响，药物，以及可能影响宿主微生物群或对抗原的免疫反应的生活方式。尽管目前有许多证据可以确定潜在的遗传和宿主相关因素，但仍有许多未解之谜。随着全球溃疡性结肠炎发病率和流行率的持续增加，我们有很多机会继续进行调查，以阐明对溃疡性结肠炎的理解，确定疾病严重程度的潜在预测因素，治疗反应，以及新的治疗靶点。
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity. There are various treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, including disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and inflammatory cytokine inhibitors (ICI), typically associated with differentiated clinical effects and characteristics. Personalized responsiveness is observed to the standard treatment due to the pathophysiological heterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in an overall poor prognosis. Understanding the role of individual variation in cellular and molecular mechanisms related to rheumatoid arthritis will considerably improve clinical care and patient outcomes.
参考答案：类风湿性关节炎是一种自身免疫性疾病，具有显著的临床异质性。类风湿关节炎的治疗方法多种多样，包括疾病修饰抗风湿药物(DMARDs)、糖皮质激素(糖皮质激素)、非甾体类抗炎药物(NSAIDs)、炎症细胞因子抑制剂(ICI)等，其临床疗效和特点均有差异。由于类风湿关节炎的病理生理异质性，我们观察到标准治疗的个性化反应性，导致总体预后不良。了解与类风湿关节炎相关的细胞和分子机制中个体变异的作用将大大改善临床护理和患者预后。
文献翻译带练35 AIDS (acquired immune deficient syndrome)
AIDS (acquired immune deficient syndrome) is a deadly human viral infectious disease caused by HIV (human immune-deficient virus) infection. After one decade hard work, antiviral drug cocktails-high active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) have been invented for almost all HIV infection treatments. Due to the invention of HAART, 80-90% HIV/AIDS patients still effectively response to HAART for deadly AIDS episode controls and life saving. Yet, this type of HIV therapeutics is incurable. HIV/AIDS patients need to take HAART medications regularly and even life-long. To counteract this therapeutic drawback, more revolutionary efforts (different angles of therapeutic modes/attempts) are urgently needed.
参考答案：艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染引起的一种致死性人类病毒性传染病。经过十年的努力，抗病毒药物复方(注：cocktails直译为鸡尾酒，混合物)-高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)已经被发明出来用于几乎所有的艾滋病毒感染治疗。由于高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)的发明，80-90%的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者仍然对高效抗逆转录病毒疗法有效，可以控制致命的艾滋病发作并挽救生命。然而，这种艾滋病疗法是无法治愈的。艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者需要定期甚至终身服用高效抗逆转录病毒疗法药物。为了消除这一治疗缺陷，迫切需要更多的改革性努力(不同角度的治疗模式/尝试)。
Depressive disorders are common in immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and major depressive disorder(MDD) is the most frequent psychiatric disorder in seropositive individuals.Despite its negative impact on several HIV/AIDS outcomes,depression is still widely underdiagnosed and undertreated.To better understand and treat depressive disorders, it is important to have a comprehensive view of infectious-immunological,psychosocial, and exogenous factors. Evidence-based recommendations are available for improving the assessment and management of depression in seropositive persons, and they should be implemented in real-life practice to improve outcomes.